GHK Archive
The Mahabharata
The Mahabharata is one of the two main epics of ancient India (along with the Ramayana). It has more than 74,000 verses (though I have also read 200,000) and around 1.8 million words. It is one of the longest epic […]
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The Ancient Egyptian Creation Story
The Ancient Egyptian creation story is one of the oldest known to us, predating the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible codified maybe c.650 BCE) by more than two thousand years. There are certain similarities – though important distinctions also – between the […]
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The Celtic Creation Myth
We know precious little about the religious and mythological doctrines of the ancient Celtic peoples. From the beginning the Celts have been mysterious, hidden half-seen in the mists of oblivion that surround them, heroic, proud, mighty, and frightening figures when […]
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Indo-European
The Indo-European peoples and languages are one of the major families of humanity of prehistory, especially in the early Holocene after the End of the Last Ice Age until the Dawn of History, and onwards through Ancient History, Medieval History, […]
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Cuneiform — The Most Powerful Script Ever Devised
The unique glyphs that comprise the cuneiform writing style were developed in a fashion that was heavily influenced by the writing material. We established in Proto-Cuneiform :: The First Phase of Writing that the cuneiform script began as picture-symbols scratched into […]
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Bullae — Archaic Accounting System of the Near East
There is a large quantity of convincing evidence that writing was invented by priest-officials in their role of organizing and running ancient cities, at least in the Near East. They gathered together the harvests and other goods, distributing some to […]
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The Invention of Cuneiform Writing In Mesopotamia
The invention of writing is one of the greatest revolutions to have occurred in all of human history. This statement is in no way superlative, because it was literally with the invention of cuneiform writing that we mark the earliest […]
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The Invention of Proto-Cuneiform in the Uruk Period
Early nomadic hunter-gatherers had no use for writing. Yet as humans transitioned into an increasingly sedentary agricultural lifestyle, we saw how bullae appear to have evolved as an early accounting tool alongside the development of concepts like trade and ownership. […]
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The Bronze Age is an historical period defined by the proliferation of the use of bronze for weaponry, art and architecture, decoration, and tools. [1] It is also characterized in some areas by proto-writing, and in other early features of […]
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The Ancient Greeks had many strange views, and a vivid imagination. Their religion was polytheistic, with many gods complexly entwined by stories and legends, embedded within a rich, colorful mythology. In short, they paid homage to a great number of […]
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