GHK Archives - Projeda

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia — from the Greek “Between Rivers” — is a region within the Tigris-Euphrates river system. The Tigris River and Euphrates River run from the highlands of Mesopotamia in the north (the Anatolian Plateau) southwards across the Middle East to […]

Tiamat — Primordial Chaos

Tiamat was the personification of primordial chaos in the story of creation according to the Sumerians (and later Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians). Before the universe had settled during its formation, there was disorder, imbalance, and chaos. That was Tiamat. A […]

Abzu

The Abzu or Apsu (also called Engur in the Sumerian language) is a Mesopotamian deity, primordial being, or mythological figure that personifies fresh water. All sources of fresh water — lakes, springs, rivers, and the like — were thought to […]

Sumerian Cosmology

Sumerian Cosmology is the collection of myths, stories, tales, legends, and even mentions that tell us about how the Sumerians understood creation. The stories they told about how the universe was formed, the role of the gods, and the creation […]

Shamash

Shamash (as he is known in Akkadian, originally called Utu in Sumerian) was the ancient Sumerian god associated with the Sun. Utu was one of the most important gods of Sumerian religion — and all later Mesopotamian religion that developed […]

The Creation of Humanity in Sumerian Religion

There is no singular version of the Creation of Humanity In Sumerian Religion. We have many interesting references over almost a thousand years of Sumerian History — and many more when we consider greater Mesopotamian Religion which bloomed from the […]

Garden of the Gods (Sumerian Paradise)

The Garden of the Gods (Sumerian Paradise) — the appearance of the theme inherent in the idea of a garden of the gods that we see in later Islamic, Christian, and Jewish faiths, all of the Abrahamic Religions — appears […]

Divine Beings of Ancient Mesopotamia

The Divine Beings of Ancient Mesopotamia had a profound impact on the religions of the ancient — and modern — world. In a very real way, they helped shape an important part of our collective worldview. It is more accurate […]

Song of the Hoe

The Song of the Hoe (also known as the Creation of the pickaxe or the praise of the pickaxe) is a Sumerian creation myth. An interesting one (especially from the perspective of an historian) as it mentions so many deities, […]

Ninhursag

Ninhursag (Ninḫursaĝ) was a major Sumerian deity with a long history of worship in the Near East and Mesopotamia. An ancient mother goddess worshipped as a creator deity. She had a hand in the creation of humanity (assisting her brother/consort, Enki). […]