Indus-Valley Civilization — Overview

The Indus-Valley Civilization is one of the four early, advanced civilization of the cultural sphere centered around the Near East — alongside the Ancient Egyptians, the Sumerians and Akkadians of Mesopotamia, and the Minoans of Crete.

Out of all of these, it appears that the Indus-Valley Civilization was the most widespread. [1]

Their sites span much of Pakistan, northwestern India, and northeastern Afghanistan. Flourished both in the alluvial plain of the Indus River (which flows the length of Pakistan) as well as the “perennial monsoon-fed” river systems around the modern Ghaggar-Hakra River (a seasonal river of NE India and E Pakistan). [1]